The history of Afghanistan has been largely determined by its location. Afghanistan is located at the crossroads of Central, West and South Asia. Thousands of people immigrated from the neighboring countries to Afghanistan in the ancient times. This resulted in the formation of a mosaic of ethnic and linguistic groups. The history of Afghanistan has also been associated with its
internal political development, its foreign relations and its very existence as an independent state.
Modern Afghanistan history is not so different from its ancient history. In the modern times, some great armies passed through the region and established supremacy. Afghanistan was a country of great empires and flourishing trade. It remained a dependent country till the 20th century. The history of Afghanistan is marked by conflicts that took place between strong neighboring powers. The
heterogeneous groups of this country were not bound into a single political entity until the reign of Ahmad Shah Durrani. Durrani ruled the country until 1973.
According to the history of Afghanistan, after Durrani's death the entire country witnessed a turmoil. There was extreme politics in Afghanistan after that as there existed no strong successor. This resulted in the temporary disintegration of the kingdom Durrani created. In the 19th century, Afghanistan lay between the expanding might of the Russian and British empires. It was at this time that Afghanistan in its contemporary form came into existence.
If you go through the history of Afghanistan, you will notice certain trends. The Central Government of Afghanistan was always unable to establish effective and permanent control over the country. Only in response to foreign invasions the diverse groups of the country have found common cause. Also, in the more remote areas of Afghanistan, tribal warriors-particularly the Pashtuns have successfully resisted foreign domination for centuries.
A thorough scrutiny of the history of Afghanistan will let you know that in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, there has been a gradual extension of Russian control into Central Asia. Afghanistan could not escape the Russian tutelage.
Also, Islam played a key role in the history of Afghanistan. Religious leaders have always played a political role in the country. The economy of Afghanistan has also been affected by its history.
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