The history of Argentina can be traced back to 11000 BC when the first signs of human presence were found in the Patagonia. Around 1 AD, several corn-based civilizations developed in the west of the Andes region.
The central and southern areas (Pampas and Patagonia) were dominated by nomadic cultures, unified in the 17th century by the Mapuches.
The Europeans arrived in 1502. A permanent colony was established by the Spanish in Buenos Aires in 1850. The British launched on attack twice on Buenos Aires but were prevented from invading by the local population on both attempts. The first Government Junta was created in 1810 and formal independence from Spain was declared on July 9, 1816 in Tucumán.
Argentina witnessed foreign investment and immigration, mostly from Europe and this resulted in the adoption of modern agricultural techniques. Argentina enjoyed increasing prosperity and prominence through an export-led economy, and the population of the country swelled sevenfold from 1880 to 1930. From the 1950s to 1970s, soft military and weak civilian administrations exercised their powers.During this time economy grew strongly and poverty declined. Political violence at the same time continued to escalate.
Democracy was restored in 1983. Steps to stop hyperinflation in 1991 and the peso-dollar fixed exchange rate was adopted. These reforms contributed to significant increases in investment and growth with stable prices through most of the 1990s. There was financial panic in November 2001. Economy began to stabilize by the end of 2002. Currently, Argentina is enjoying a period of high economic growth and increased political stability.
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