The Los Flamencos National Reserve, Chile was created in the year 1990 and consists of seven sectors located in the town of San Pedro de Atacama. Each sector has a different kind of geography, flora and fauna and hydrography. The reserve is located 127 kilometers northeast of Calam and 27 kilometers south of San Pedro de Atacama. It was created in 1990 under the protection of the government. The total area is 73,986 hectares divide into four sectors each with its distinctive characteristics. The Tara Salt Deposit - Aguas Calientes sector is five hours to the east of San Pedro. Here is the salt deposit and lagoon of Tara, the river Zapaleri, the Aguas Calientes salt deposit and the Negra lagoon. There are a host of animals that are there in this area. The vicuna, South American Red fox while in terms of flora and fauna there is the water tola an the Amaia. The Pujsa salt deposit sector is located further to the south than Tara Aguas Calientes, like the latter this geography is of rolling plains with an inter mountain depression and the hills of Negro de Pujsa and Balle. The fauna is composed of vizcachas and chululos, flamingos, condors and eaglets among others.
Integral to the National Reserve is the Moon Valley which is also a part of the Los Flamencos National Reserve, Chile and the grey and South American red fox dwell here with eaglets, chercans thrush and others. The Salt Mountain Chain is responsible for this valley and there are no water resource in the area. The ‘Lagoons Miscanti - Miniques’ sector is located to the south of Socaire Village, and has remarkable, beautiful lagoons, from which the village owes its name, as well as a rich and varied fauna of flamingos, juarjuar ducks, nandus, eaglets, and tucuquers, among others. Its mountainous geography is composed of hills and volcanoes, reaching a maximum altitude of 5,910 meters above sea level.
In the Atacama Salt Deposit, there are two sectors of the reserve: Soncor and Quelana. As part of the salt deposit, the geography of these areas is flat and saline, and 2,300 meters above sea level. Several bird species dwell here, but the flamingo is perhaps the most characteristic. There are three lagoons: the Puilar, Chaxas and Barros Negros which form the hydric system of the reserve, and in terms of the flora, there is the cachiyuyo, brea and salty grama.The Los Flamencos National Reserve, Chile is one of the most spectacular sights to be seen in Chile.
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