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Home » Estonia » History

History of Estonia

The History of Estonia would acquaint you with the past of the country. Evidence suggests that the earliest possible human settlement in the country started almost 12,000 years ago. The Pulli settlement is the oldest settlement in the region. This was situated by the river Pamu. This was at the beginning of the 9th millennium BC. Records from the History of Estonia suggest that there were hunting and fishing communities that existed close to the town of Kunda around 6500 BC.

The Iron Age in the History of Estonia is marked by significant changes. An important shift was the change of the occupation of the people to farming. The people ceased to travel from one place to another and settled down at one place. There were many cultural influences as well that reached the country from the Roman Empire. This age is called the roman iron age. The middle Iron Age was troublesome with the country facing external dangers from Baltic tribes. It was towards the first century AD that administrative and political subdivisions were formed in the country. There was a king who controlled the affairs of the country. The Livonian war in the year 1561 brought the northern Estonia under Swedish control. In 1625 the entire land of Estonia was brought under Swedish control.

An important fact in the History of Estonia is that though the country was under the Swedish rule initially it gradually came under the Russian rule. During the 19th century a cultural renaissance swept over the whole country. This brought over a great revolution in the country. This also influenced the politics of the country. There was the demand for independence. The Estonian liberation war resulted in the country getting independence from Russia. The country remained independent for a period of 22 years. Estonia again came under the soviet rule in 1940. The annexation of the country was however not recognized by the other countries of the world.

Estonia came under German control from 1941 to 1944. The country was again annexed by the Soviet Union. However after the cold war the Soviet Union got into economic difficulties. They ceased to hold power over Estonia. The year of 1989 was a landmark year in the History of Estonia. There was a human chain that was formed of more than two million people in the demand for independence. Estonia was finally granted independence in 1991.

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