Hungarian National Museum, Budapest, one of the major Tourist Attractions in Budapest, is famous for its collection which is one of the most significant and one of the oldest in Hungary. The first museum of Hungary, it was founded in 1802 by the renowned count Ferenc Széchenyi. The first collection was formed with the core material of his manuscript, map, numismatic and print collection. A bill passed in 1808 proposed the construction of the Hungarian National Museum, Budapest.
The Hungarian National Museum and library was designed and built between 1837 and1847, by Mihály Polláck, one of the most well known architects of the country. It was a monumental building of magnificent neoclassical design. Surrounded by trees and bushes, the most impressive part of the two-story building is the portico in the middle. Eight Corinthian columns support a frieze with an embellished cornice and a large pediment on the top. The pediment features a high relief which was made after the miniature sculpture of Raffaello Monti. There is the allegoric figure of Pannonia in the centre, with the Hungarian coat of arms on her shield, surrounded by Science and Art on her both sides, as group figures of three members. Pannonia is the name of Hungary in the ancient Roman Empire.
The Hungarian National Museum, Budapest was opened in 1847 as the fourth largest museum in Europe. The collection of the museum grew with major donations by the Kubinyi, Pyrker, Marczibányi families and the most remarkable purchase from the Jankovich family. The year of 1848 witnessed one of the most highly significant moments of the Hungarian history as on March 15, Sándor Petôfi, a patriotic poet of his country, stood up on the left-pillar of the stairway of the National Museum and recited to the crowd his fiery poet called ‘National Song’.
The Hungarian National Museum, Budapest continued to extend its collection to the fields of archaeology, fine and applied arts. Later in the 19th century, huge collections were separated from the museum to form new specialized museums of the country like the Museums of Fine Arts, Applied Arts, Natural Science and National Culture.
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