Citadel, Amman stands on one of the hills of the seven hills known as Jabel el Qala. Citadel, Amman is the site from where the sightseeing in Amman should be started. It is a significant part of the Amman tour. Amman, the capital city of Jordan had been the seat of various civilizations.Therefore it is the site of the earliest munitions. Several excavations took place in this place revealing traces of the Middle Bronze Age, The Iron Age, the Hellenestic Age, the late Roman Age and the Arabian Islamic Age.
The Citadel stands beside the Jordan Archaeological Museum and a cluster of several other structures can also be seen in Citadel, Amman. The Citadel, Amman also offers a spectacular view of the entire city . It is a place bearing both military importance and religious value.
The various important sites are :
- The Byzantine Church
- Temple of Hercules
- Umayyad Palace Complex
The Byzantium Church bears the ruins of a small Byzantine basilica dating back to 6th to 7th century AD. The Church features the Corinthian Columns and there are some ancient mosaics excavated by the archaeologists.
About 100 meters away from the church, lies the temple of Herakles (Hercules). It is also known as the great temple of Amman. The temple was built during the reign of the emperor Marcus Aurelius during the 161-180 AD. The temple is dedicated to the Ammonite God Melkom. The statue of Hercules inside the temple is about 9 meters high.
The Ummayad Palace complex is also at the Citadel, Amman. This palace has been mostly excavated from the ground. There is a rectangular lobby with arches, the throne room with a Greek cross shaped structure and many vaulted rooms which most probably served as the offices of the palace.
The small Archaeological Museum on the Amman is also here. There are unique exhibits treasured in the museum. The items from the Teleilat Ghassul, a Calcolithic spot in Jordan Valley, which is the very first town of the region. There are strange artifacts, like terracotta coffins,frescoed wall, Iron age pottery, Greek coins, Roman glass Mameluke grenades and many more.
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