Morocco is a country in North Africa with its coastline on the Atlantic Ocean, reaching past the strait of Gibraltar and into the Mediterranean Sea. The Geography of Morocco is shaped by the international borders with Algeria to the east, Mauritius to the south and to its north is Spain. The capital city of Morocco is Rabat. Casablanca is the largest city as well as its main port. Geography of Morocco influences the climate and weather of the land.
To the north of Morocco is the Strait of Gibraltar which has given the country the power of the waterways through the Mediterranean Sea. The Riff Mountain stretches from north-west to the north-east bordering the Mediterranean. The Atlas Mountains run through the middle of the country, from the south west to the north east. A large portion of the south east portion of the country belongs to the Sahara Desert which makes it sparsely populated as well as unproductive to the economy. On the Mediterranean coast, there are four Spanish enclaves of Ceuta, Mekill, Penon de Velex de la Gomera, Penon de Alhucemas, the Chafarinas islands and the disputed small island of Perejil. Majority of the population of Morocco lives on the north of the mountains while the southern section has desert. To the south of Morocco lies the Western Sahara, which was a Spanish colony, and was annexed by Morocco in1975.
The cities of Morocco are Agadir, Fes, Meknes, Oujda, Safi, Tangier, Essaouira, Marrakech, Mohammadia, Sale and Tetouan. Morocco has a wide variation of its geography and climate. The natural environment in the desert regions has plants which can survive with little water. Some of the plants have deep roots while others have small leaves or spines in them. The desert animals can survive with very little water. Some of the animals remain hidden in the day time while others like the gazelles travel for miles, searching water.
The mountainous regions have trees, with firs and cedars found on the high slopes. DUring the winter, the mountains are covered with snow. The animals found in the mountainous region are animals and birds like eagles and some unusual species like the Atlas monkeys.
The plains near the mountains are the chief area in Geography of Morocco, of agricultural production like orange groves, date palms, and cork trees. Morocco also happens to be the staging point of migratory birds on its flight. These birds spend winter in Africa and summer in Europe. A large natural bird reserve exists at the confluence of Moulouya River and the Mediterranean Sea.
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