|
History of Peru dates back to the period when Peru was a part of Inca Enpire that stretched from present-day Ecuador to central Chile about the 300 years before the coming of the Spaniards in the country. The area of Inca lay amidst the basins of basins and valleys of Cuzco. The people of Inca had a civilization and administration of their own which was more advanced than many of the civilizations of the ancient world. History of Peru includes many wars and conquests.
The Spaniards conquered the Inca Empire between the years 1531-1533 under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro. In the year 1535, Lima was founded which served as the center point of the Spanish dominion in Latin America. Very soon, the city became the capital city of the Viceroyalty of Peru and till the mid-eighteenth century its borders extended from the Caribbean to La Plat. Peru was the second largest producer of silver in the seventeenth century. History of Peru narrates its deep association with Spain.
The viceroyalties of New Granada in the north and La Plata came to existence in the years 1739 and 1776 respectively. The power of Peru diminished considerably with the birth of these new dominions. In the year 1821Peru gained independence after a rebellion by local European (Creole) who fought against the Spanish colonial rule. The Spanish rule eventually ended in the year 1824. Successive rules of generals followed and Peru witnessed several years of instability.
Peru waged war with Spain between the years 1864-1871 and the main port of Lima, Callao was disastrously damaged. Peru fought with . In 1879 Peru fought with Chile jointly with Bolivia over the claim of the nitrate-rich northern part of the Atacama Desert. Peru was defeated by Chile leading to the capture of Lima by the Chilean army and to subsequent loss of territory. The border dispute with Chile continued till 1929.
In the late nineteenth century, Peru made great progress in the field of trade and commerce. Setting up of railway lines, huge foreign capital investments Peru prospered immensely. A power struggle ensued between the conservative Creole upper class and the liberals in the Peruvian society. A series of eighteen presidents ruled Peru in the first half of the twentieth century.
Fernando Belaunde who came to power 1963, however brought many reforms and there were several social and political changes in Peru.
travel.mapsofworld.com thus provides online information on History of Peru.
| 
