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The first chapter of History of South Korea dates back to the year 1948, the year in which South Korea was established. During World War II, South Korea was occupied by Japan that had to withdraw following its defeat in the year 1945. Once, the Japanese troops withdrew from Japan, Korea was divided at the 38th parallel in accordance with a United Nations arrangement and the administration of its northern part was to be done by the Soviet Union, whereas United States was to serve as the administrative head of its southern part. For more information on History of South Korea, keep reading.

History of South Korea: Formation of South Korea

However, the plan of this Joint Trusteeship over Korea fell through due to some major disagreements between the Soviets and Americans and two separate governments were established in 1948, both of which claimed to be the legitimate government of entire Korea. This led to the Korean War, following which two separate governments were formed in the two existing political entities of North and South Korea. Subsequent periods of History of South Korea are marked by alternating stages of democratic and autocratic rule.

History of South Korea: Republics of South Korea

The various phases of Civilian Governments in South Korea are conventionally numbered from the First Republic of Syngman Rhee to the present day Sixth Republic. The First Republic of South Korea was by and large democratic in nature at the time of its inception, but became increasingly autocratic until it finally collapsed in the year 1960. The First Republic was subsequently replaced by the strongly democratic Second Republic, but it was overthrown in less than a year by an autocratic military regime. Though the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Republics that followed were nominally democratic, they were widely regarded as a continuation of the military rule imposed after Second Republic. It was only with the Sixth Republic, that the country gradually stabilized into a liberal democracy.

Ever since its formation in the year 1948, South Korea has registered substantial development in the spheres of education, economy and culture. There has been a dramatic expansion in the field of education, particularly at the tertiary level and this country is fast emerging as one of the most prosperous countries in Asia.

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